1. Whakarāpopototanga
Ko te miro ā-roto e whakamahia ana e ngā ngaru roa, ā, kua tīpakohia hei whakamahi, ka whakapūmautia engā pūtu noame ngā pūtu raka-ake, i whakatikatikaina e ngā rautaki whakakī rerekē, ā, ka tātarihia te rerekētanga i waenga i ngā pūtu punga me ngā kōpiko āhuatanga taunga whakatikatika raka-ake. Hua: Ka whiwhi te tikanga whakatikatika pūtu me te pūtu i ngā āhuatanga whakatikatika rerekē, mā te tauine wā raka o te mekameka ka arahi te whakatikatika-ake whakatikatika-ake me te tauine wā whakatikatika-ake o te whakatikatika-ake ki ngā whāinga rerekē. Nā te kōpiko nekehanga noa, ka neke ngā āhuatanga āhuatanga rerekē kua whiwhi ki te taha matau.
2. Te Rapunga Whakaaro Whakamātautau
I tēnei wā, e whakamahia whānuitia ana te tikanga ultrasonic i roto i te ao whānui.whakamātautau kaha tuaka pūtuo te pūwāhi whakapiri o te pūnaha waka, arā, ko te pihi āhuatanga whanaungatanga (pihi whakatikatika pōro) i waenga i te kaha tuaka pōro me te rerekētanga wā tangi ultrasonic ka whiwhihia i mua, ā, ka whakahaerehia te whakamātautau i muri mai o te pūnaha wāhanga tūturu. Ka taea te whiwhi i te kaha tuaka o te pōro i roto i te hononga whakakī mā te ine ultrasonic i te rerekētanga wā tangi o te pōro me te titiro ki te pihi whakatikatika. Nō reira, he mea nui te whiwhi i te pihi whakatikatika tika mō te tika o ngā hua ine kaha tuaka pōro i roto i te pūnaha wāhanga tūturu. I tēnei wā, ko ngā tikanga whakamātautau ultrasonic te nuinga o te wā ko te tikanga ngaru kotahi (arā, te tikanga ngaru roa) me te tikanga ngaru roa whakawhiti.
I roto i te tukanga whakatikatika pūtu, he maha ngā āhuatanga e pā ana ki ngā hua whakatikatika, pērā i te roa o te kume, te pāmahana, te tere o te mīhini whakakī, te taputapu whakapiri, me ētahi atu. I tēnei wā, ko te tikanga whakatikatika pūtu e whakamahia whānuitia ana ko te tikanga whakakī hurihuri. Ka whakatikatikahia ngā pūtu ki runga i te papa whakamātautau pūtu, e hiahia ana kia hangaia he whakapiri tautoko mō te pūoko kaha tuaka, arā, te pereti pēhanga me te whakapiri kōhao miro ā-roto. Ko te mahi a te whakapiri kōhao miro ā-roto ko te whakakapi i ngā nati noa. Ko te hoahoa ārai-wehewehe te nuinga o te wā e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā pūwāhi hononga whakapiri me te tauwehenga haumaru teitei o te anga waka hei whakarite i te pono o tana whakapiri. Ko tētahi o ngā mahi ārai-wehewehe e whakamahia ana i tēnei wā ko te nati raka-ake, arā, te nati raka taipana whai hua.
Ka whakamahia e te kaituhi te tikanga ngaru roa, ā, ka whakamahia te hononga miro ā-roto i hangaia e ia anō hei whiriwhiri i te nati noa me te nati raka-ake hei whakatikatika i te pūtu. Mā roto i ngā rautaki whakakī me ngā tikanga whakatikatika rerekē, ka akohia te rerekētanga i waenga i te nati noa me te nati raka-ake hei whakatikatika i te pihi pūtu. Mā te whakamātautau kaha tuaka o ngā hononga pūnaha motuka ka tukuna ētahi taunakitanga.
Ko te whakamātautau i te kaha tuaka o ngā pūtu mā te hangarau ultrasonic he tikanga whakamātautau ā-kore. E ai ki te mātāpono o te sonoelasticity, ko te tere o te horapa o te oro i roto i ngā mea totoka e pā ana ki te ahotea, nō reira ka taea te whakamahi i ngā ngaru ultrasonic hei whiwhi i te kaha tuaka o ngā pūtu [5-8]. Ka totoro te pūtu i a ia anō i te wā e whakakī ana, ā, i te wā kotahi ka puta he ahotea tuaka. Ka tukuna te pāoro ultrasonic mai i te pane o te pūtu ki te hiku. Nā te huringa ohorere o te mātotoru o te reo, ka hoki mai i te ara taketake, ā, ka whiwhi te mata o te pūtu i te tohu mā te uku piezoelectric. rerekētanga wā Δt. Kei te whakaatuhia te hoahoa kauwhata o te whakamātautau ultrasonic i te Pikitia 1. He rite te rerekētanga wā ki te roa.
He tikanga whakamātautau ā-kore te whakamātautau i te kaha tuaka o ngā pūtu mā te hangarau ultrasonic. E ai ki te mātāpono o te sonoelasticity, e pā ana te tere o te horapa o te oro i roto i ngā mea totoka ki te ahotea, nō reira ka taea te whakamahi i ngā ngaru ultrasonic hei whiwhite kaha tuaka o ngā pūtu. Ka totoro te pūtu i a ia anō i te wā e whakakī ana, ā, i te wā kotahi ka puta he ahotea kume tuaka. Ka tukuna te pāorooro ultrasonic mai i te pane o te pūtu ki te hiku. Nā te huringa ohorere o te mātotoru o te reo, ka hoki mai i te ara taketake, ā, ka whiwhi te mata o te pūtu i te tohu mā te uku piezoelectric. te rerekētanga wā Δt. Kei te whakaatuhia te hoahoa kauwhata o te whakamātautau ultrasonic i te Pikitia 1. He rite te rerekētanga wā ki te roa.
M12 mm × 1.75 mm × 100 mm, kātahi ka whakaritea ngā pūtu, whakamahia ngā pūtu noa hei whakau i ngā pūtu e 5, tuatahi whakamahia te whakamātautau punga-ake me ngā momo whakapiri whakapiri whakatikatika rerekē, he pereti porowhita horihori hei whakauru i te pūtu me te pēhi. Ina matawaihia te ngaru tuatahi (arā, te tuhi i te L0 taketake), kātahi ka whakawirihia ki te 100 N m+30° me te taputapu kotahi (e kiia ana ko te tikanga momo I), ā, ko tētahi atu ko te matawai i te ngaru tuatahi me te whakawiri ki te rahi ūnga me te pū whakakī (e kiia ana ko te tikanga momo I). Mō te tikanga momo tuarua), ka puta he momo motuhake i roto i tēnei tukanga (e whakaaturia ana i te Pikitia 4) 5 ko te pūtu noa me te tikanga raka-ake. Ko te pihi i muri i te whakatikatika e ai ki te tikanga momo I ko te Pikitia 6 ko te momo raka-ake. Ko te Pikitia 6 he akomanga raka-ake. Ko ngā pihi Akomanga I me te Akomanga II. Ko te tikanga whakamahi ka taea te whakamahi i te pihi ritenga o te akomanga punga punga noa, he rite tonu (ka haere katoa i roto i te pūtake me te tere wāhanga me te maha o ngā tohu); rakahia te momo tohu o te momo pūwāhi punga (momo I me te tohu punga, te pari o te rerekētanga o te wā me te maha o ngā pūwāhi); tikina ngā āhuatanga ōrite)
Ko te whakamātautau 3 he whakatakoto i te taunga Y3 o te Tatūnga Kauwhata i roto i te pūmanawa taputapu kohikohi raraunga hei taunga pāmahana (mā te whakamahi i te pūoko pāmahana o waho), whakatakoto i te tawhiti noho o te pūtu ki te 60 mm mō te whakatikatika, me te tuhi i te taipana/kaha tuaka/mahana me te pihi o te koki. E ai ki te Pikitia 8, ka kitea me te wiri tonu o te pūtu, ka piki haere tonu te pāmahana, ā, ka taea te kī he raina te pikinga pāmahana. I tīpakohia ngā tauira pūtu e whā mō te whakatikatika me ngā nati raka-ake. E whakaatu ana te Pikitia 9 i ngā pihi whakatikatika o ngā pūtu e whā. Ka kitea kua nekehia katoatia ngā pihi e whā ki te taha matau, engari he rerekē te nui o te nekehanga. E tuhia ana e te Ripanga 2 te tawhiti e nekehia ana e te pihi whakatikatika ki te taha matau me te pikinga pāmahana i te wā o te tukanga whakakī. Ka kitea ko te nui o te nekehia o te pihi whakatikatika ki te taha matau he rite tonu ki te pikinga pāmahana.
3. Whakamutunga me te Kōrero
Ka pāngia te pūtu e te mahi whakakotahi o te ahotea tuaka me te ahotea hurihuri i te wā e whakakīkī ana, ā, ko te kaha hua o ngā mea e rua ka meinga te pūtu kia piko. I te whakatikatika o te pūtu, ko te kaha tuaka anake o te pūtu ka whakaatahia ki te pihi whakatikatika hei whakarato i te kaha piri o te pūnaha whakapiri. Ka kitea mai i ngā hua whakamātautau i te Pikitia 5, ahakoa he nati raka-ā-ringa, ki te tuhia te roa tīmatanga i muri i te hurihanga ā-ringa o te pūtu ki te wāhi e tata ana ki te uru ki te mata kawe o te pereti pēhanga, ka tino ōrite ngā hua o te pihi whakatikatika ki ērā o te nati noa. E whakaatu ana tēnei i roto i tēnei āhua, he iti noa te awe o te taipana raka-ā-ringa o te nati raka-ā-ringa.
Ki te whakakī tika te pūtu ki roto i te nati raka-ake mā te pū hiko, ka neke te pihi ki te taha matau katoa, e whakaaturia ana i te Pikitia 6. E whakaatu ana tēnei ka pā te taipana raka-ake ki te rerekētanga wā oro i roto i te pihi whakatikatika. Tirohia te wāhanga tuatahi o te pihi kua nekehia ki te taha matau, e tohu ana kāore anō kia puta te kaha tuaka i raro i te āhuatanga he nui te roa o te pūtu, he iti rawa rānei te kaha tuaka, he rite ki te kore i pēhia te pūtu ki te pūoko kaha tuaka. Ki te totoro, he mārama ko te roa o te pūtu i tēnei wā he roa rūpahu, ehara i te roa tūturu. Ko te take o te roa rūpahu ko te wera i puta mai i te taipana raka-ake i te wā o te tukanga whakakī hau ka pā ki te horapa o ngā ngaru ultrasonic, e whakaatahia ana ki te pihi. E whakaatu ana kua roa te pūtu, e tohu ana he pānga te pāmahana ki te ngaru ultrasonic. Mō te Pikitia 6, ka whakamahia hoki te nati raka-ake mō te whakataurite, engari ko te take kāore te pihi whakataurite e neke ki te taha matau, ahakoa he waku i te wā e whakawirihia ana te nati raka-ake, ka puta te wera, engari kua whakaurua te wera ki te tuhi i te roa tīmatanga o te pūtu. Kua whakakorea, ā, he poto rawa te wā whakataurite o te pūtu (he iti iho i te 5 hēkona te nuinga), nō reira kāore te pānga o te pāmahana e puta ki te pihi āhuatanga whakataurite.
Ka kitea mai i te tātaritanga i runga ake nei ko te waku miro i roto i te wiri hau ka piki ake te pāmahana o te pūtu, ka whakaiti i te tere o te ngaru ultrasonic, e whakaatuhia ana hei nekehanga whakarara o te pihi whakatikatika ki te taha matau. Ko te taipana, e rua e rite ana ki te wera i puta mai i te waku miro, e whakaaturia ana i te Pikitia 10. I roto i te Ripanga 2, ka tatauhia te rahi o te nekehanga matau o te pihi whakatikatika me te pikinga pāmahana o te pūtu i te wā katoa o te tukanga whakakī. Ka kitea ko te rahi o te nekehanga matau o te pihi whakatikatika he rite ki te nekehanga pāmahana, ā, he whanaungatanga raina ōwehenga. Ko te ōwehenga he tata ki te 10.1. Ki te whakaaro ka piki te pāmahana mā te 10°C, ka piki ake te rerekētanga wā oro mā te 101ns, e rite ana ki te kaha tuaka o te 24.4kN i runga i te pihi whakatikatika pūtu M12. Mai i te tirohanga ā-tinana, e whakamāramahia ana ko te pikinga o te pāmahana ka huri te āhuatanga oro o te rauemi pūtu, kia huri ai te tere o te ngaru ultrasonic i roto i te reo pūtu, kātahi ka pā ki te wā horapa ultrasonic.
4. Whakaaro
Ina whakamahia ana ngā nati noa menati raka-akeHei whakatikatika i te kōpiko āhuatanga o te pūtu, ka puta he kōpiko āhuatanga whakatikatika rerekē nā runga i ngā tikanga rerekē. Mā te taipana whakau o te nati raka-ake ka piki ake te pāmahana o te pūtu, ka piki ake te rerekētanga wā ultrasonic, ā, ka neke te kōpiko āhuatanga whakatikatika kua whiwhi ki te taha matau i te taha whakarara.
I te wā o te whakamātautau taiwhanga, me whakakore te awe o te pāmahana ki te ngaru ultrasonic i te mea ka taea, me whakamahi rānei i te tikanga whakataurite kotahi i roto i ngā wāhanga e rua o te whakataurite pūtu me te whakamātautau kaha tuaka.
Wā tuku: Oketopa-19-2022
