Hei whakataurite, ko te kaupapa tino pai rawa atu o te mīhini horoi poutū nati matua o te tauhohenga whakauru e whakaarohia ana. Ka taea te tirotiro me te pania ki te hinu ngā pūtu me ngā pūtu matua kotahi noa te wā. Mātāpono Mātāpono Ka whakamahia e te mātāpono mātāpono te horapa hei hiki poutū i te pūtu ki roto i te mahi uta me te tango. Ka whaihia te mātāpono hohe i te nati. Kimihia, ka kitea, ka whakaputa i tētahi hoahoa whanaketanga miro, he iti ake te para irahiko o te hua, ā, he iti noa te wāhi e nohoia ana e ia. Kua angitu te whakamahi i tēnei taputapu i roto i te mara mana karihi, ā, ka taea te whakatutuki katoa i ngā hiahia o ngā pūtu matua o te oko pēhanga tauhohenga.
Ko ētahi o ngā pūtu matua RPV o nāianei menatiKo ngā mīhini horoi e whai ake nei:
(1) Ko te mīhini horoi o te whakatupuranga tuatahi o CNNC Wuhan Nuclear Power Operation Technology Co., Ltd. (e kiia nei i konei ko CNPO) he momo whakapae.
(2) Ka whakamahia e te Institute of Optoelectronic Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences te horoinga whakapae, ā, kua whakauruhia ngā taputapu.
(3) Kua whakamahia e te China Nuclear Power Research and Design Institute te horoi poutū.
1. Pātai Rangahau
I muri i te wā e whakahaerehia ana te ipu pehanga o te tipu mana karihi mō tētahi wā, ka puta ngā paru hinu me ētahi atu poke i runga i tengā pūtu matuame ngā nati kua whakapakeketia i roto i te taiao pāmahana teitei me te pēhanga teitei. Ki te kore e horoia i te wā tika, i tetahi taha, ka raru pea te miro, ā, i tetahi atu taha, ka pā ki ngā tirotiro mahi i muri mai. Ko te horoi i ngā pūtu matua me ngā nati RPV tētahi o ngā mahi hei whakarite kia noho haumaru, kia pono hoki ngā pūtu matua RPV mō te wā roa. Nō reira, me horoi pai ngā pūtu matua me ngā nati RPV.
Hei whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o te mīhini horoi me te whakatutuki i ngā hiahia o te tipu hiko me te iti ake o te wāhi papa, te iti ake o ngā wai para me te haumaru teitei, whai muri i te whakataurite whānui, ka whakatauhia ko te mīhini horoi poutū me te pūnaha tino whakauru te otinga pai rawa atu.
Nā tēnei, i whakawhanakehia motuhaketia e mātou te mīhini horoi poutū matua o te RPV, he nui ake te aunoatanga, ka taea te whakaoti i te uta me te tango i ngā nati, te horoi i ngā nati me ngā pūtu me te whakamaroke hau, tae atu ki te tirotiro ā-kanohi o te mīhini miro me te whakahinuhinu i ngā pūtu i te kotahi te hiki.
2. Ngā Raru Matua
I roto i tēnei rangahau, i runga i te tuku iho i ngā hangarau noa me ngā whakatutukitanga mātauranga o ngā mīhini horoi whakapae me te whakarite i te pānga horoi, ka arotauhia te tukanga horoi, ā, ka whakamahia he pūtu matua RPV menati poutūKua hoahoatia, kua whakawhanakehia hoki tētahi mīhini horoi me te taumata aunoatanga teitei ake, tae atu ki ēnei āhuatanga:
(1) Te hoahoa o te tikanga hiki o te huihuinga pūtu.
(2) Te hoahoa o te tikanga whakatinanatanga o te uta me te tango aunoa i ngā nati.
(3) Te hoahoa tikanga whakatinanatanga o te horoi poutū i te wā kotahi o ngā pūtu me ngā nati.
(4) Te hoahoa o te tikanga whakatinanatanga o te tirotiro tirohanga mīhini miro.
(5) Te hoahoa whakatinanatanga o te pūnaha whakahaere.
3. Te Tukanga me te Tikanga Rangahau
Ko ngā mahi a te mīhini horoi poutū matua mō te pūtu me te nati he tango me te tango aunoa i ngā nati, he horoi miro, he whakamaroke hau, he tirotiro ā-kanohi a te mīhini i ngā miro pūtu, me te paninga hinu.
He tino whakauru te pūnaha mīhini horoi, ā, ko te whakatakotoranga matua e whai ake nei: Kei waenganui o te mīhini horoi te wāhanga horoi pūtu me te nati, ā, kei te wāhanga o raro te papu taputapu mō te tango wai para, ā, kei te pouaka maui te tāke rokiroki wai me te tātari o te pūnaha tohanga wai horoi. , papu aukume, tāke wai para me te pā me te tātari o te pūnaha tuku hau me te pūnaha whakaputa hau. Kua tāutahia he wāhanga hopu whakaahua ki waho o te pouaka horoi pūtu hei tirotiro i te tirohanga mīhini miro. Kua tāutahia he hanganga cantilever ki runga o te kāpata, ā, ko te mata whakaatu kua tāutahia ki te pito o te cantilever ka whakamahia mō te whakahaere taputapu. Ka horoia e ngā pūtu te tuara o te pouaka hei tāuta i ngā wāhanga whakahaere. Kua tāutahia he tatau hiri ki mua o te pouaka horoi pūtu, ā, kua tāutahia he karāhe ki te tatau hei whakahaere i te tirotiro i te āhua o te horoi. E toru ngā pūwāhi e pēhia ana te tatau hiri hei whakarite i te pānga hiri (tirohia te pikitia i raro nei).
Ko ngā painga matua o tēnei mīhini horoi ko:
(1) Ka taea te whakaoti i ngā mahi katoa i te kotahi hiki.
(2) Ka taea te uta me te tango aunoa i te nati.
(3) Horoia ngā nati me ngā pūtu poutū i te wā kotahi.
(4) Kei a ia te mahi tirotiro miro, ā, ka whakaputa i te hoahoa whanaketanga miro.
Ka whakamāramahia taipitopitotia te tukanga whakatinanatanga o ēnei painga me ngā mahi matua i raro nei.
3.1 Te hiki i te huihuinga pūtu
Ka hikitia te huihuinga pūtu me te nati mai i te kete rokiroki pūtu ki te paepae pūtu matua i roto i te mīhini horoi pūtu me te nati mā roto i tētahi horahanga āhua-C motuhake (tirohia te Pikitia 2).
3.2 Te uta me te tango aunoa i ngā nati
(1) Te hanganga o ngā taputapu
Kei roto i te pouaka horoi te waeine uta me te tango aunoa i ngā nati. Kei roto i te nuinga o te wā ko te tikanga taraiwa pūtu, te tikanga hiki nati me te tikanga whakapiri pūtu.
Ko te tikanga taraiwa pūtu te mea nui o te paepae pūtu matua me te motuka taraiwa pūtu.
Ko te tikanga hiki nati he mea hanga nui mai i te topenga mau nati matua, he reti taraiwa, he reti whai, he tīwiri trapezoidal, he tuaka whatu arataki me te motuka taraiwa tīwiri.
Ko te tikanga whakapūmau poutū hei whakamau i te whakapūmau tīwiri matua i roto i te pouaka. He hanganga whakapūmau pewa porowhita e rua-haurua te rahi, ā, kua tāutahia ki te anga o roto o te pouaka horoi.
(2) Te mooni mahi
Ka taea te whakamahi i ngā pūtu uta me te tango nati, ngā nati, ngā nati, te tikanga hohe, hei tikanga, hei whakarite kia kore e pakaru te miro. I te wa ano, ka whakamahia e ngā kaiwhakamahi i te wa ano
Ko te tukanga tango nati penei:
Ka huri te pūtu matua ki te taha maui, ka huri te ngira, ka huri te nati, ka huri te ngira, kātahi ka huri i te taha porowhita, ka huri noa, ā, ka taea anake te neke i te taha hurihuri, i a ia e neke ana i te tuaka, ka piki te aratohu nekehanga, ā, ka panaia te hurihanga e te pae, Me hanga te motuka motuka motuka motuka retireti retireti kotahi te mea ...
Ka whati te nati i te wāhanga miro, te pūtu matua, ka huri te pūtu matua, ka huri kaha, ka neke, ā, me te whai ake, me te poraka reti, ka panaia te hononga, ka pana, ka panaia te poraka reti whai ake. Tae noa ki tēnei wā kua oti te mahi wetewete aunoa o te nati matua.
Kua tāutahia te hōtaka, ā, i tāutahia anō hoki.
Ko te horoinga o te nuinga o te wā ko te horoi miro o roto o te nati matua me te horoi miro o waho e toru ngā wāhanga o te pūtu matua. Nā te mea kei runga tonu i te pūtu matua te nati matua, kia kore ai e poke ngā pūtu kua horoia i te wai horoi e rere ana i raro i te nati matua, i muri i te horoinga o ngā pūtu me ngā nati, ka tāpirihia he horoi ki ngā pūtu.
(1)Te horoi nati
Ko te horoinga nati ka oti mā te mahi tahi a te paraihe horoi nati me te tikanga hiki nati. Kei te taupoki o runga o te mīhini horoi te paraihe horoi nati me te mōta taraiwa.
Ko te paraihe horoi nati he mea hanga nui mai i te pane paraihe horoi, he pou matua, me te rango tautoko. He hanganga tohanga te pane paraihe horoi. Ina kore e hurihuri, he iti ake te whānui o te takai o waho o te paraihe horoi i te whānui o roto o te nati. Ina hurihuri te pane paraihe, ka tuwhera te nohoanga whakapiri paraihe i raro i te mahi a te kaha tohanga, ā, ka tata te paraihe nairona kua tāutahia ki te nohoanga whakapiri ki te nati. Ko te mata miro o roto o te nati.
I mua i te horoinga o te nati, ka whakamahia te tikanga hiki nati hei whakaara ake i te nati, ka whakaurua ki roto i te pane paraihe horoi, kātahi ka tīmata te motuka taraiwa paraihe horoi nati ki te huri i te pane paraihe horoi. I a te pane paraihe e hurihuri ana, ka neke te nati matua ki runga, ki raro i raro i te puku o te tikanga hiki, kia horoia ai te wāhanga miro katoa.
(2)Te horoi i ngā pūtu
Ko te wāhanga horoi pūtu he mea hanga nui mai i tētahi huihuinga paraihe roera, he tikanga hurihuri paraihe roera, he taputapu whakapiri pūtu matua, me tētahi taputapu taraiwa pūtu matua. Ka honoa te huihuinga paraihe roera ki te tokotoko piston o tana rango hurihuri mā te tokotoko hurihuri paraihe roera. Ina panaia te tokotoko piston o te rango paraihe hurihuri ki waho, ka hurihuri te huihuinga paraihe hurihuri tata ki te wāhanga miro o te pūtu matua, ā, ina hoki whakamuri, ka matara atu te huihuinga paraihe hurihuri i te pūtu matua. Mā te motuka taraiwa paraihe roera e akiaki te paraihe roera kia huri mā te pūraka whitiki.
I te horoinga o ngā pūtu matua, ka hurihia ngā pūtu matua i runga i te paepae e te motuka taraiwa pūtu matua, ka nekehia te huihuinga paraihe roera e te rango hurihuri kia tata atu ki te miro wāhanga-toru o te pūtu matua, ka tīmata te motuka taraiwa paraihe roera, ā, ka hurihia te paraihe roera ki te mata o te pūtu matua. Kātahi ka taea te horoi i ngā pūtu matua.
I te wā o te horoi, ka tukuna te wai horoi e te pūnaha tohanga wai horoi ki te paipa rehu wai, ā, ka tāutahia he maha ngā pūwero ki te paipa rehu wai hei rehu ōrite i te wai horoi ki runga i te mata o te pūtu.
4. Ngā Raru me ngā Otinga
I roto i te tukanga rangahau me te hoahoa, hei manatoko i te mahi a te taputapu, he maha ngā whakamātautau i mahia ki te tinana whakatauira pūtu me te nati i muri i te hanganga o te taputapu, ā, i kitea ētahi raruraru i roto i te tukanga, ā, i tangohia ngā otinga e rite ana.
(1) Te turuturu o te pouaka horoi
Nā te mea he hanganga poutū te taputapu, he nui ake ngā whakaritenga mō te hiri o te pouaka. I te wā o te horoinga, i kitea he wāhanga o te wai horoi i turuturu ki te taha o roto o te tatau ārai hau me te anga, kātahi ka rere ki raro, ka turuturu. Me mahi i ēnei mahi:
(2) I te wā katoa o te horoi me te whakamaroke hau, ka noho tonu te hau pā i roto i te āhua momi hei whakarite kia iti iho te pēhanga hau i roto i te pouaka horoi i te pēhanga hauhautanga, ā, kei roto i te āhua pēhanga kino, e ārai ana i te waipuke o te wai para me te hau para i roto i te pouaka, ā, e tino whakamana ana i te haumaru o ngā kaiwhakahaere.
(3) Ka rehuhia te mata o ngā wāhanga kowiri tira i roto i te tatau hiri o te pouaka horoi ki te paninga wai-kore, ā, ka rongoatia hoki te karāhe tatau ki te maimoatanga wai-kore, kia kore ai e piri ngā pata wai e tauhiuhi ana ki te tatau hiri i te wā o te horoi ki te panera tatau me te karāhe, ā, ka pai ake te raru o ngā pata wai e toe ana ki te panera tatau.
(2) Te āhuatanga paheke o te pūtu
I te tīmatanga, ka whakamahia e te paepae pūtu matua te āhua hanganga o ngā pereti rapa e here ana ki ngā wāhanga whakarewa. Ina nui rawa te taipana taraiwa, ka paheke te rapa me te raro o ngā pūtu, ā, ka whai wāhi ki te tiaki.
I te tīmatanga o te whakatūnga, i whakamahia te wai hei wai horoi, ā, he pai te pānga taraiwa o te pūtu matua; i te wāhanga o muri mai, i muri i te whakakapinga o te wai horoi ki te wai horoi i whakamahia i roto i ngā tipu hiko karihi, i kitea kāore e taea te taraiwa me te paheke o te pūtu matua. I muri i te tātaritanga, kāore i tika te tikanga taraiwa pūtu taketake nā te pānga whakahinuhinu o te wai horoi.
Mā te whakakore i te hanganga o te here i te pereti rapa ki ngā wāhanga whakarewa i runga i te paepae pūtu matua, ka tāuta tika ngā pūwero porowhita e 4 ki runga i te paepae pūtu matua. Ina panaia te pūtu matua, ka nekehia ngā pūwero porowhita e 2 ki roto i te awaawa i raro i te pūtu matua, kia tutuki ai te pana o te pūtu matua, ki te nui rawa te taipana pana, ka taea hoki te whakatutuki i te tiakitanga. I taua wā anō, kei te motuka servo pana pūtu matua he tiakitanga taipana. Ina nui ake te taipana pana pūtu matua i te uara kua whakaritea, ka mutu, ka whakaoho.
(4) Kāore i te pai te hua o te whakamaroke hau
I muri i te whakatikatika i ngā mea, i kitea kāore anō kia maroke katoa ngā pūtu i te hau, ā, me whakapai ake te hua.
Mā te ako i te tukanga whakamaroke hau o ngā taputapu, i kitea i te tīmatanga o te whakatūnga, ka neke tata atu te paraihe roera pūtu, ka hurihuri tere ina horoia te pūtu hei tango i ngā paru o te mata. I muri i te tīmatanga o te tukanga whakamaroke hau, ka wehe atu te paraihe roera pūtu i te pūtu, ā, ka whakamaroke hau te pūtu mā te pupuhi tere-teitei o te hau pēhi anake.
Nā tēnei take, ka whakapai ake te kaituhi i te tukanga whakamaroke hau. Whai muri i te horoinga, ina tīmata te rere o te whakamaroke hau, ka neke te paraihe roera ki te taha o te pūtu, kātahi ka huri i te tere tere hei tango i te wai o te mata. Whai muri i te 1/3 o te huringa whakamaroke hau, ka wehe atu te paraihe roera pūtu i te pūtu ka mutu te huri, kātahi ka haere tonu. Ka whakamarokehia ngā pūtu e te pupuhi hau pēhi tere tere.
Kua whakamātauhia e te mahi, i muri i te whakapainga, ka tino pai ake te pānga o te whakamaroke hau.
Wā tuku: Whiringa-ā-rangi 17-2022
